Sūrat al-Baqarah
Section 51 of 59 · Surah Studies · Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera
One Seed, Seven Ears
A few examples are given here by Allah (swt), and very vivid and graphic ones. He says that the way of spending in the path of Allah — where, as was suggested, we wish to see our money increase, whereas the dīn is wholly concerned with the ghayb — is thus:
مَّثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَٰلَهُمْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ حَبَّةٍ أَنۢبَتَتْ سَبْعَ سَنَابِلَ فِى كُلِّ سُنۢبُلَةٍ مِّا۟ئَةُ حَبَّةٍ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُضَـٰعِفُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
“The example of those who spend in the way of Allah is just like a grain that produced seven ears, each ear having a hundred grains, and Allah multiplies (the reward) for whom He wills. Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.” (2:261)
Take a farmer who puts in one seed of corn — one seed of wheat. It produces its plant, and within that plant there will be seven ears of corn, or seven ears of barley or of wheat. Each one of those seven will have seventy seeds within it.* So the one seed has multiplied to seven times seventy. Let anyone do that arithmetic: seven times seventy — that is what comes of it.
The other example Allah (swt) gives is its opposite: those who spend, and may even spend in the path of Allah, building great mosques perhaps, but do it for show, for a wrong reason, without sincerity, with some ulterior motive. Allah says:
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تُبْطِلُوا۟ صَدَقَـٰتِكُم بِٱلْمَنِّ وَٱلْأَذَىٰ كَٱلَّذِى يُنفِقُ مَالَهُۥ رِئَآءَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ ۖ فَمَثَلُهُۥ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوَانٍ عَلَيْهِ تُرَابٌ فَأَصَابَهُۥ وَابِلٌ فَتَرَكَهُۥ صَلْدًا ۖ لَّا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَىٰ شَىْءٍ مِّمَّا كَسَبُوا۟ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ
“O you who believe, do not nullify your acts of charity by boasting about (doing people a) favour and by causing (them) hurt, like the one who spends his wealth to show off before peopleand does not believe in Allah and in the Last Day. So, his example is like a rock on which there is dust, then a heavy rain came over it and left it barren. They have no ability to gain anything out of what they have done, and Allah does not give guidance to the people who disbelieve.” (2:264)
This is verse 264, which speaks of another farmer, who finds a place and thinks it looks very promising; but what it is, is great boulders with a thin covering of soil upon them. Someone has scattered a little earth there, and he goes and puts his seed in it. Then the rain comes — a little rain, no more — and washes the soil and the seed and everything away, and he is left with nothing. So though he may have done something great and produced something large, nothing comes of it.
Hence sincerity, the ikhlāṣ of one pound, one dollar, one rupee spent in the path of Allah, is immense beside a far greater sum spent without any sincerity at all. Such are the examples given in these verses.