Juz 13: Yūsuf 53 to Ibrāhīm
Section 7 of 17 · Tafsir of the Qur’an · Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera
7. Patience and Trust in Allah's Plan | Verses: Yusuf 12:67-86
One of the most profound spiritual lessons from Surah Yusuf emerges from the interaction between Prophet Yaqub (peace be upon him) and his sons when they prepared to return to Egypt. In verse 67, Allah (swt) reveals Yaqub's wisdom in instructing his sons:
وَقَالَ يَا بَنِيَّ لَا تَدْخُلُوا مِن بَابٍ وَاحِدٍ وَادْخُلُوا مِنْ أَبْوَابٍ مُّتَفَرِّقَةٍ
“And he said, 'O my sons, do not enter from one gate, rather enter from different gates.'" [12:67]”
This verse demonstrates Yaqub's prudence and foresight. He instructed his sons to enter Egypt through different gates rather than as a single group. This was a precautionary measure against the evil eye (al-'ayn), as his eleven sons arriving together would attract attention and potentially invite envy. This verse establishes an important Islamic principle that taking precautions against harm does not contradict trust in Allah (swt), but rather complements it.
The depth of Yaqub's faith becomes even more evident when his sons return without Benjamin, who had been detained in Egypt according to Yusuf's plan. Despite this additional calamity, Yaqub demonstrates exemplary sabr (patience) in verse 83:
قَالَ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنفُسُكُمْ أَمْرًا ۖ فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ ۖ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ
“He said, 'Rather, your souls have tempted you to do something. So, patience is best. Hopefully, Allah will bring them all back to me. Surely, He is the All-Knowing, All-Wise.'" [12:83]”
Here, Yaqub displays remarkable fortitude by choosing sabr jameel (beautiful patience) – patience without complaint except to Allah (swt). This exemplifies the highest level of patience in Islamic spirituality. Instead of reproaching his sons or falling into despair, he placed his complete trust in Allah's wisdom and plan.
The power of this unwavering faith is further illustrated in verse 86, where Yaqub says:
قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَشْكُو بَثِّي وَحُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
“He said, 'I complain of my distress and grief only to Allah, and I know from Allah what you do not know.'" [12:86]”
This verse encapsulates the essence of true tawakkul (reliance on Allah) in times of hardship. Yaqub directs his complaints only to Allah, not to creation, demonstrating the proper etiquette of a believer during affliction. His statement "I know from Allah what you do not know" reveals his spiritual insight that sustained him through decades of separation from Yusuf. This knowledge was his certainty that Allah (swt) would reunite him with his sons.
When his sons mocked him in verse 85, saying his excessive grief would destroy him, Yaqub maintained his faith. His response was not one of hopelessness but of profound hope based on his connection with Allah (swt).
The narrative provides powerful guidance for believers facing trials. It teaches that difficulties, regardless of their magnitude, ultimately lead to relief when approached with patience and trust in Allah. Yaqub's experience demonstrates that patience is not merely passive endurance but an active spiritual state that requires steadfastness, hope, and unwavering faith in Allah's decree.
Furthermore, this portion of Surah Yusuf illustrates that Allah (swt) tests those He loves most severely. Prophet Yaqub endured the separation from his beloved son for decades, yet never lost hope in Allah's mercy. His example serves as a reminder that no matter how prolonged or severe our trials may be, faith and patience will ultimately lead to divine relief and resolution.