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Juz 17: Al-Anbiyāʾ and Al-Ḥajj

Section 11 of 18 · Tafsir of the Qur’an · Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera

11. The Prophet as a Mercy to All Worlds

As Surah Al-Anbiya reaches its conclusion, Allah presents one of the most profound descriptions of the Prophet Muhammad's mission in the entire Quran. This remarkable verse encapsulates the essence of prophethood and defines the purpose behind the final messenger's advent:

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ

“And We have not sent you but as mercy for all the worlds." (Al-Anbiya 21:107)”

This powerful statement establishes that the Prophet Muhammad's mission transcends boundaries of time, geography, and even species. The term al-'ālamīn (worlds or realms) is comprehensive in its scope. It encompasses all creation that serves as a sign ('alam) of Allah's existence. Everything besides Allah is an 'alam because it demonstrates His creative power and existence. The mercy embodied in the Prophet's mission extends to all humanity regardless of faith, to animals, plants, and even to the unseen realms.

This description stands in stark contrast to the mockery and rejection that the disbelievers directed toward the Prophet. While they refused to recognize the value of the message brought to them, Allah affirms that this message and the Prophet who delivers it represent divine mercy in its fullest manifestation. Rather than a burden or hardship upon humanity, the Prophet's teachings and example provide the path to salvation and success in this life and the next.

The closing portions of Surah Al-Anbiya emphasize accountability and judgment, reminding the Prophet to say:

قُلْ رَبِّ احْكُم بِالْحَقِّ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ

“Say, 'My Lord, judge with truth. And our Lord is the All-Merciful, the One whose help is sought against what you describe.'" (Al-Anbiya 21:112)”

This prayer taught to the Prophet exhibits perfect balance between justice and mercy. The Prophet calls upon Allah to judge with truth and justice while acknowledging His mercy. This reinforces an important theological principle: divine justice does not contradict divine mercy; rather, they complement one another. The Prophet seeks Allah's assistance against the falsehoods that the disbelievers attribute to him and to Allah.

Earlier in the surah, Allah addresses the universal theme of mortality:

وَمَا جَعَلْنَا لِبَشَرٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ الْخُلْدَ أَفَإِنْ مِتَّ فَهُمُ الْخَالِدُونَ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ

“We did not grant eternal life to any human being before you. So, if you die, will they live forever? Every soul has to taste death." (Al-Anbiya 21:34-35)”

This verse establishes a fundamental reality that applies to all creation—the inevitability of death. Neither the disbelievers who mock the message nor the prophets who deliver it are exempt from this universal law. All souls shall taste death, reinforcing the urgency of heeding the message of mercy before the appointed time arrives.

Finally, the surah reminds believers that righteous deeds performed with faith will never be forgotten or unappreciated:

فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِنَ الصَّالِحَاتِ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَا كُفْرَانَ لِسَعْيِهِ وَإِنَّا لَهُ كَاتِبُونَ

“So, whoever does righteous deeds, while he is a believer, there will be no denial of his effort, and We are recording it for him." (Al-Anbiya 21:94)”

This promise offers profound reassurance that Allah recognizes and rewards every righteous deed, no matter how small, when performed with sincere faith. Nothing is lost or overlooked in Allah's perfect accounting. This principle demonstrates how the Prophet's message, as a mercy to all worlds, includes the glad tidings that sincere effort in righteousness is never wasted or unappreciated by the Creator.