What Would Allah Do by Punishing You?

The way this fifth juzʾ ends is beautiful:

Mā yafʿalu Allāhu bi-ʿadhābikum in shakartum wa-āmantum. What would Allah do by punishing you? Why should Allah punish you? What does He gain by punishing you, if you are thankful and believe? Show thanks to Allah. Belief is thanks to Allah: it is the recognition that He gives us everything, that we owe everything to Him. That is belief; it is part of it. Allah is not going to punish you. There is so much hope in this. Even if we have done wrong, Allah is saying: why should I punish you? I am going to give you so many excuses to get out. And in the month of Ramadan, ask Him for forgiveness; thank Him. Wa-kāna Allāhu shākiran ʿalīmā: Allah (swt) values thanks greatly, and He is the All-Knowing.

Here — because Allah (swt) had criticised them considerably, condemned them, and spoken of their being in the Hellfire, as in verse 145 — Allah (swt) clarifies something. The first verse of the sixth juzʾ is 148:

As can be seen, Allah does not like, does not love, that the evil of a thing be voiced and loudly articulated. Allah does not like speaking ill of people — unless it is to help against oppression, that is, to defend against oppression, or to deal with people against whom others need to be warned. That is why Allah says that He does not like this in general; but in this place it must be done. Allah (swt) is All-Forgiving. The sūrah then continues after the munāfiqīn.