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Juz 12: Hūd 6 to Yūsuf 52

Section 3 of 19 · Tafsir of the Qur’an · Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera

3. Allah's Provision for All Creatures | Verses: Hood 11:6-7

Among the most profound signs of Allah's complete knowledge and absolute power over His creation is His provision for all living things. In verse 6 of Surah Hood, Allah (swt) affirms this universal truth:

وَمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ فِي ٱلْأَرْضِ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ رِزْقُهَا وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا كُلٌّ فِي كِتَٰبٍ مُّبِينٍ

“There is no creature on earth whose sustenance is not undertaken by Allah, and He knows its permanent and temporary places. Everything is in a clear book." [11:6]”

This verse establishes a fundamental principle in Islamic theology regarding Allah's role as the ultimate provider (Ar-Razzaq). Unlike the animal kingdom, where survival generally follows the principle of the strongest prevailing, Allah (swt) has designed a system of provision that encompasses every living creature. There is no welfare organization in the natural world that ensures animals receive sustenance when they suffer—rather, Allah (swt) has structured the entire ecosystem and food chain in precise balance.

This divine provision extends to all creatures, whether they are predators consuming smaller animals or herbivores subsisting on vegetation. The general abundance of resources within ecosystems is maintained by Allah's will, unless He decrees otherwise for specific creatures to perish, just as He may decree for human populations. The system of rizq (provision) extends universally, with Allah (swt) taking full responsibility for the sustenance of every living being.

Beyond merely providing sustenance, Allah (swt) has complete knowledge of each creature's movements and locations. The phrase "وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا" refers to Allah knowing both the permanent dwelling places and temporary resting places of all creatures. This encompasses knowledge of where creatures permanently reside and where they may temporarily stay, extending to their final resting places after death.

The verse concludes by stating that all of this information is recorded in "كِتَٰبٍ مُّبِينٍ" (a clear book), referring to Allah's perfect knowledge that encompasses everything. Nothing escapes His awareness or record.

Verse 7 then transitions to discussing the creation of the heavens and earth:

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ فِى سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُۥ عَلَى ٱلْمَآءِ

“He is the One who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and His Throne was on water." [11:7]”

This verse describes the sequential creation of the universe, highlighting that Allah (swt) created the heavens and earth in six days. Before this creation, His throne was upon water, and according to hadith, this water was upon air. The mention of Allah's throne being on water indicates the primordial state before the formation of the heavens and earth.

The concept of "six days" in this context does not necessarily correspond to our understanding of twenty-four hour periods, particularly since the sun—by which we measure days—had not yet been created. Rather, these "days" represent distinct periods or phases in the creation process.

What is most significant about this mention of creation occurring over six days is that it conveys an important lesson for believers. Allah (swt) could have created everything instantaneously with a simple command "كُن" (Be!), yet He chose to create in stages over six periods. This deliberate approach teaches us the value of performing tasks with care, precision, and appropriate timing. When Allah (swt) does something with such measured approach, it demonstrates the excellence of methodical work rather than hasty completion.

This divine example encourages believers to approach their own endeavors with patience and thoroughness, taking appropriate time to perfect their actions rather than rushing for immediate results.