Sūrat al-Anfāl
Section 13 of 17 · Surah Studies · Mufti Abdul Rahman Mangera
Prepare What You Can
This, however, will not be so for ever — that a man may rely upon spiritual strength alone and have no equipment. That will not answer every time. So it is clarified afterwards, lest anyone misunderstand it and, in some strange notion of his own, leap out and do something mad, as people have done.
وَأَعِدُّوا۟ لَهُم مَّا ٱسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ ٱلْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِۦ عَدُوَّ ٱللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَءَاخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ ۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا۟ مِن شَىْءٍ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ
“Prepare against them whatever force you can, and the trained horses whereby you frighten Allah’s enemy and your own enemy and others besides them whom you do not know. Allah knows them. Whatever thing you spend in the way of Allah, it will be paid to you in full, and you shall not be wronged.” (8:60)
So Allah (swt), continuing over the next verses to the end, says wa aʿiddū lahum mā istaṭaʿtum min quwwah. He tells them that while this was a one-off, a victory given just so, which Allah willed in order to raise the morale and the rest, they must now prepare for them: militarily and in equipment, in terms of ribāṭi al-khayl. So from verse 60 onwards the matter is that you now prepare for them as much as you can of your strength and your defence, in horses and in whatever else is needed, by which you may already strike fear into the hearts of your enemy.
One of the benefits of it is that it is a deterrent. That is why one hears some of the superpowers of the world, America and the rest, speaking constantly of their military might. Whenever they are in talks with North Korea or Iran or whoever it may be, they are always saying: we can do this to you, we can do that to you. And what that does is to overawe the other party, so that they do nothing foolish. So that it is better not to have a war than to have one. Nearly everyone would agree with that, save certain neoconservatives, or certain individuals who want war because they are tied to the arms industry or the like, and that is where they will make their money. There is a great deal of confusion of that kind.
۞ وَإِن جَنَحُوا۟ لِلسَّلْمِ فَٱجْنَحْ لَهَا وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ
“And if they tilt towards peace, you too should tilt towards it, and place your trust in Allah. Surely, He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.” (8:61)
Immediately after the verse upon preparation, however, in verse 60, Allah (swt) says in verse 61: wa in janaḥū li-l-salmi fa-jnaḥ lahā wa tawakkal ʿalā Allāh. If they want a treaty with you, if they want peace with you, then incline to it. If you do not sense a deception or the like, you should do so. For war is not a good thing; and rely upon Allah (swt). He is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.