The Madinan Period II, Part 14: The Call to Tabūk and Those Who Stayed Behind
Section 11 of 11 · The Life of the Prophet Muhammad: The Madinan Period, Part Two
"One of the Two Best Things"
إِن تُصِبْكَ حَسَنَةٌ تَسُؤْهُمْ ۖ وَإِن تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ يَقُولُوا۟ قَدْ أَخَذْنَآ أَمْرَنَا مِن قَبْلُ وَيَتَوَلَّوا۟ وَّهُمْ فَرِحُونَ
“If some good comes to you, it annoys them, and if hardship befalls you, they say, “We had already taken care of our problem”, and they go their way delighted.” (9:50)
Allah (ʿazza wa jall) says about the munāfiqūn: if good befalls you, it distresses them; but if disaster strikes you, they say: we took our matter in hand before; and they turn away while they are rejoicing. This is another habit of the munāfiqūn: they are happy when disaster befalls the Muslims; and when that happens, and they had stayed behind, they say: see, we told you; why did you go out? And they think that they are wise because they avoided trouble; and it is actually the opposite: they are falling into trouble.
قُلْ هَلْ تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَآ إِلَّآ إِحْدَى ٱلْحُسْنَيَيْنِ ۖ وَنَحْنُ نَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمْ أَن يُصِيبَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِعَذَابٍ مِّنْ عِندِهِۦٓ أَوْ بِأَيْدِينَا ۖ فَتَرَبَّصُوٓا۟ إِنَّا مَعَكُم مُّتَرَبِّصُونَ
“Say, “What you are expecting for us is nothing but one of the two good things (martyrdom or victory). And we are expecting for you that Allah sends to you a punishment from Himself or at our hands. So, wait. Of course, we are waiting with you.”” (9:52)
And then Allah (ʿazza wa jall) says: do you await for us except one of the two best things? What are the two best things? Either victory or martyrdom. While we await for you that Allah will afflict you with punishment from Himself or at our hands; so wait; indeed we, along with you, are waiting. So the Muslim should tell the munāfiqūn: whatever happens to us — even if we are defeated, even if we lose, and you think you are wise and smart because you stayed behind — you need to understand that our objective is one of two things, either victory or martyrdom, and these are the best things to wait for; while we are waiting for two things to happen to you as well: either a punishment from Allah, or a punishment from us. These are some of the āyāt speaking about those who stayed behind from the Battle of Tabūk.
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* Kept as said. In the tafsīr of 9:41 (al-Ṭabarī; Ibn Kathīr) the old, heavy Companion who said "the sūrah has left us no excuse" is al-Miqdād ibn al-Aswad; a similar report is told of Abū Ṭalḥah.